So to review the three basic things on a computer are input, output, storage and processing.
Magnetic media is usually used for the storage devices. But cd's use pits and lands to send data. And another thing to remember is computers have only two stages on and off. You can't have a light bulb half off so there are only two stages.
Now to the bits and bytes part.
To store data the computer uses patterns. Also to process data actually the computer uses patterns. These paterns are ofcourse made of 1 and 0 because that's the only thing a computer can understand.
In binary something like 0 is a bit. A single digit is always a bit, if the code is just single then it would be a single digit code. If the code is two digits like 01 then it is a two digit code.
In binary language there are 8 digit codes all made up of 1 and 0.
8 bits make up a byte. So we can say 8 bits = 1 byte.
1026 bytes makes a kilobyte.
Interesting facts
Floppy disk id made up of milar. In floppy disks because it is magnetic media S=1 and N=0 because a magnet too has only two states. So if you want to ruin a floppy disk what is reccomended is take a magnet and bring it over the floppy disk. What this does it changes the polariity of the magnets which causes the code to get all mixed up so the computer cannot read it.. Even if the floppy is locked (you can lock a floppy so that yuo cannot erase any files until you unlock it) this is going to work. Hard disk is made up of metal.
How to write the code!
Just like we use a number system the code also uses a number system. We (humans, hehe) use the base 10 number system but a computer uses the binary system. so here is how we do it in binary.
3 2 1
0
1 0
Incomplete post will complete it later on!
Sources: My notes!
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